I Am Lucky Because I Am Lucky Because Arts and Crafts
In the belatedly 19th and early 20th century, a design tendency swept Europe and America called "Arts and Crafts", a move that promoted handcraftsmanship over industrial mass production. But long before that, Kapampangans accept been creating all kinds of objects with their hands, with commonsensical and decorative functions, for their homes, work, leisure and religion.
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ane. KURAN AT PASU (Sto. Tomas)
Commonsensical and decorative clay vessels and containers were among the earliest crafted objects made by man. All sorts of earthenware—including the ubiquitous 'kuran' (circular-bottom cooking pot)—take been produced in parts of Pampanga, as recorded by American Thomasite Luther Parker in the 1900s. Sto. Tomas is the acknowledge pottery centre of the province, with many major potters clustered along Quirino street. According to oldtimers, one pioneer potter was Apung Sindung Mercado who fabricated "pilones", dirt jars used in the manufacture of molasses. From making traditional oya, tapayan, kuran, gusi, balanga and pilun , the potters also added ornamental pasu or masetas for growing garden plants and flowers,
ii. PUKPUK (Betis, Apalit)
The fine art of metalsmithing was known to pre-Hispanic people in our archipelago, blossoming in the the late 16th to the 19th century, when the Spanish missionaries arrived to introduce the idea of sacred art in which the Chinese excelled. To decorate the chantry, Mexican silver coin were melted and fashioned into tabernacles, altar frontals and vessels, ramilletes (silver floral standees), carrozas, and more. Betis artisans mastered the art, locally termed as 'pukpuk' (to hammer) equally designs were created by chasing and using the repoussé method, in which designs are raised on a metal sheet by pounding a pattern from the back using a sinsil (blunt chisel). This is achieved by working on the metallic against a wooden cake, on which designs have been incised. Artisans spread the art to Apalit which one time had the largest number of 'pukpuk' shops. Names similar the Ramirez Family, Edgardo Yutuc and Jeric Canlas proceed this tradition to this twenty-four hour period.
3. DUKIT (Betis)
Betis is the town synonymous with quality carved woodcrafts ("dukit" -to carve) —from church and domicile furniture, decorative architectural pieces, to religious statuaries and relief sculptures. Ane of its aboriginal barrios—Sta. Ursula—was known as the premiere source of such carved masterpieces. A famous resident is Maestro Apung Juan Flores, who started as a santo carver an expanded into "muebles" and carved wooden furnishings. He made the decorative wooden carvings of Malacanang Palace during the term of Marcos. Angeles, with its many Clark residents, was a major market of woodcarved products during the 50s thru the 80s. Mod-day mandudukit include the descendants of the Flores family, Willy Layug, Peter Garcia, Salvador Gatus, and the artisans of Betis Crafts of Myrna Bituin, who exports their prized furniture worldwide.
4. PARUL (San Fernando)
The lantern industry owes its popularity to San Fernando lantern maker pioneers who evolved the parul from the simple wooden and paper star lanterns for the "lubenas" (procession) to the behemothic kaleidoscopic lanterns that the world marvels at, every December'due south Giant Lantern Festival. The advent of electricity gave rise to the invention of the rotor by Rodolfo David; which is used to requite the lanterns their amazing play of colors. Well-known parol makers include the Quiwas (led past Ernesto David Quiwa), Rolando Quiambao, Arnel Flores, and Jesus Maglalang. The Christmas capital of the Philippines has parul stores all over the city yet selling traditional lanterns. The Dau Expressway go out is line with lantern stores, hawking paruls of all sorts—capiz, LED-lit, wire and plastic, and fifty-fifty "rope" lanterns.
5. BURARUL (Angeles)
Kite-making, though non exactly an industry, requires a certain caste of creative and technical skill. Believe to have originated in Cathay, these newspaper and wood air craft are flown mainly for leisure and play—simply they were said to be used also for measuring distances and for armed forces communications. In Pampanga, they are called "burarul", from the Spanish "volador", one that flies. The basic "karang-karang" is zilch more than than a folded paper with thread. But the more elaborate kites come up in box ("tukong") or diamond shapes ("sapin-sapin"). There are high-flyers ("gurion") and competition fighter kites ("panyaklit"). The most complicated ones are figural kites mastered by the professional person kite-maker Eulogio Catalan of Angeles Metropolis. A former sepulturero, Mang Eloy won renown for his imaginative, honor-winning kite creations. He made kites in the forms of birds, fishes, angels, saints and figures of our national heroes—all using wooden framework, paper and paint. His nigh elaborate was a ferris wheel kite with seated human figures, that actually turned when flown on a string. He also introduced the concept of folding kites. The fine art of kite making died with him, and today, just a scattering in Pampanga know how to fashion homemade kites from "tingting" and papel de hapon.
vi. DASE (Candaba, San Luis, San Simon)
As early on as the 18th century, dictioanarist Fray Diego Bergaño made mentioned of towns lining the Candaba Swamp that were known for weaving business firm mats or "dase". Made from "ebus" (buri palm leaves) . These included weaving families from San Luis and San Simon who are skilled in the fine art of "pamaglala", or weaving, commonly done communally, later the mean solar day'southward piece of work. Mat weavers or"magdadase" wove fine mats of large, medium and small-scale sizes—fabricated for sleeping or for covering the bamboo floor. For diversity, the leaves are dyed in different colors to produce mats with appealing patterns.
7. KUPIA (Apalit)
An allied production from the province's weaving tradition are hats or "kupia", an essential accessory for our tropical climate, where wearing a caput protection from the scorching sunday or sudden rains is mandatory.Earlier commercial lid shops were established in Pampanga, everday functional hats—"kupia"-- were made all over the province. Apalit was in one case a lid center, and in Barrio Sucad, 'kupyang ebus' by the thousands were woven and commercially sold in town markets from as far as Tarlac, Baguio, Bataan, Zambales and Manila. Simply due to the scarcity of 'ebus' materials, production gradually slowed down in the 1920s. Pampanga shops that operated in the 1930s sold hats of all shapes, sizes and materials. In San Fernando, one could go to La Fernandina, Zapateria Moderna or to the Japanese boutique of T. Tsuchibashi forth Mercado St. and the Indian Bazaar of Battan Singh. "Sombreros del pais y del extranjero" (local and imported hats) could be bought in Macabebe at the Bazar L. Magat, while "El 96" in Angeles offered a few headwear selections.
viii. SANTOS (Betis, Macabebe, Bacolor, Apalit)
Although Betis is the center of woodcarving in Pampanga, it is Macabebe town which is known as the home of santeros. A santero is a craftsman who uses wood, ivory, cement or fiber glass to produce an ecclesiastical art slice known as santo, in the epitome of Christ, Mary or a Saint. Before the state of war, fishing and farming were the only means of livelihood of the people of Macabebe. Santo making was then merely an expression of their ingenuity, and the products were mostly for personal use. Pablo "Ambo" Bautista, a local businessman, is credited with promoting santo-making in the town past gathering local artists and putting them to piece of work in a talyer he opened merely for them. Sons Antonio (a painter) and Gener (a carver) farther grew the business and improved the craft of santo making. This inspired other carvers to put upward shops that soon proliferated along the whole stretch of the town's main road. Others found their manner in the other towns of Pampanga. U.P. Fine Arts graduate Maximiano Jingco also set a pre-war religious statuary shop in Guagua. Second and third generation carvers continued the santo tradition like Rolando and Boyet Flores (from the Flores family unit of Sta.Ursula), while a new brood of highly trained carvers came to fore—Nick Lugue (Apalit).Wilfredo Layug (Betis), Joseph Magcalas (Apalit) , Joed Miclat (San Luis) and the Viray brothers (Bacolor).
nine. GITARA (Guagua)
Cebu may have a reputation as the Philippines' guitar industry leader, but the more well-known guitar brands are made in Guagua, Pampanga. The "gitara" has its origins in Spain, and at that place'due south a mention of a guitar-prototype in Byron Pabalan'due south zarzuela "Ing Managpe"—a stringed musical instrument chosen "kalaskas". Another is the pre-Hispanic "kudyapi", which, like the guitar, has a box and a fretboard. The pioneer guitar maker in Pampanga is a Matuang Bacani who managed to copy an old Castilian guitar. He passed on his techniques to his son-in-police force, Angel Lumanog who mastered the arts and crafts of guitar-making, opened a shop and started supplying Macabebe, Bacolor, and San Fernando stores. Son, his guitars were being sought later in Manila. Today, the Lumanog brand is a name synonymous to fine guitars. Apart from the Lumanogs, families similar the Garcias, Dizons, Mallaris, Jucos and Manansalas engaged in the production guitars.
10. GAWANG PANDE (Apalit)
The outset cannon maker of the state was a Kapampangan named Pande Pira, a smith who put up a foundery in Manila to brand "lantakas" or cannons, and other artillery to protect the Intramuros and for use in Spanish galleons. Apalit takes pride in continuing this smithing tradition, and is the leading source of world-course steel crafts in the province, such as bolo, machete, all types of knives and daggers, plus habitation and garden implements like rakes, hoes, spades, and other tools. The steel products are made the erstwhile fashioned manner past hammering sheets of metal , fabricated malleable by superheating them, and then shaped into blades for bolos, palang,knives, scythes, spears or any bladed implement. The industry gave Apalit town its nickname, "The Blacksmith Capital of Pampanga". In Floridablanca, smiths produced aluminum crafts, using "aluminyu" that are heated and pounded into shape, using molds.
SOURCE:
SINGSING MAGAZINE, "Pampanga's Folk Arts & Crafts: Going, Going, Gone?", Vol. 5, No. 1.Published past the Center for Kapampangan Studies,Holy Affections University. Excerpted and edited from the articles of JoelPabustan Mallari (Dase, Gitara, Kuran, Burarul, Kupia), Arwin Lingat (Santo), Alex R. Castro (Pukpuk),
www.viewsfromthepamang.blogspot.com (Hold on to that Lid, Hamming on an Old Guitar, The Art of the Kuran)
PHOTOS:
Alex R.Castro (Pande, Kupia, Gitara, Santos, Parul, Pande, Pukpok, )
Best, Jonathan. A Philippine Album: American Era Photographs 1900-1930, The Bookmark Inc.(Dase)
Miss Millenial Pampanga 2017 FB Folio: (Betis Etching-Dukit)
Singsing Mag: (Burarul)
Source: https://kaplistorian.blogspot.com/2018/12/103-10-arts-and-crafts-of-pampanga.html
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